About
Sa Maison is a public garden cut into the outer Valletta fortifications, on the slope between Floriana and Pietà. It runs over five narrow terraces squeezed in among bastions and ramparts, planted thickly, looking down on Marsamxett Harbour.
The site was a hunting lodge in the middle of the eighteenth century and the garden carries the name of the knight who built it. The British Army later held the ground as an observation and defence post, and the regiments stationed here cut their crests into the rock. It passed to the civil government in 1903 and opened to the public.
Getting down to it is a steep walk, which is why it stays empty when the rest of Floriana does not, and it has a long-standing reputation as a cruising spot in the evening. Parts of the terracing are fenced off and the planting has been left to itself, so this is a garden in poor repair rather than a manicured one.
The law in Malta
Rainbow Index 87.73 %,
from the ILGA-Europe Rainbow Map,
which rates the legal and policy situation for LGBTQ+ people in each country.
Legal status
The history of LGBT rights in Malta is perhaps the most dramatic in Europe. In less than a decade, the tiny island nation transformed from a socially conservative Catholic stronghold into the number one country in Europe for LGBT rights, topping the ILGA-Europe "Rainbow Map" for several years running.
Here is the historical overview of the legalization of homosexuality and gay rights in Malta.
Phase I: The British Legacy & Catholic Conservatism (1860–1973)
For over a century, Maltese law was a mix of the Code of the Knights of Malta and British colonial law, both of which heavily penalized same-sex acts.
1854: Under British rule, the Penal Code criminalizes "sodomy" with hard labor. The Catholic Church heavily influences social attitudes, and homosexuality is viewed as a grave sin.
1964: Malta gains independence, but the British anti-sodomy laws remain in full force.
1973: Decriminalization. In a bold move for the time, the Labour government led by Dom Mintoff passes a law decriminalizing homosexuality between consenting adults.
Note: This was done relatively early compared to other Commonwealth nations (earlier than Australia or Scotland), though social stigma remained extremely high, and the "public morality" laws were still used to police gay life.
Phase II: The "Silent" Era & EU Accession (1973–2012)
For nearly 40 years after decriminalization, very little legislative progress occurred. The political sphere was dominated by the two major parties avoiding the topic to appease the Church. Change only began when Malta prepared to join the European Union.
2004: EU Accession. Malta joins the EU. As a requirement, it adopts regulations banning discrimination based on sexual orientation in employment.
2012: The Hate Crime laws are expanded to include sexual orientation and gender identity, increasing penalties for violence motivated by bias.
Phase III: The "Rainbow Revolution" (2013–2017)
The election of a socially liberal Labour government in 2013 triggered an explosion of rights. In just four years, Malta passed more progressive legislation than most countries do in decades.
2014 (April): Civil Unions Legalized.
The Civil Unions Act is passed. Crucially, this law granted same-sex couples rights identical to marriage in everything but name.
Adoption: Unlike Italy or Greece, this law included full joint adoption rights from day one.
2014: Constitutional Protection. The Constitution of Malta is amended to explicitly prohibit discrimination based on "sexual orientation" and "gender identity." Malta became the first European country to constitutionalize gender identity protection.
2015 (April): Gender Identity, Gender Expression and Sex Characteristics Act.
This law is widely considered the "Gold Standard" of trans rights globally.
Self-ID: It allows legal gender changes based purely on self-determination (no medical diagnosis or surgery required).
Intersex Ban: It became the first law in the world to strictly ban unnecessary surgery on intersex infants (babies born with ambiguous genitalia) until they are old enough to consent.
2016: Conversion Therapy Ban. Malta becomes the first country in Europe to completely ban "conversion therapy" (practices attempting to change a person's orientation). Professionals who attempt it face fines or jail.
Phase IV: Marriage & Normalization (2017–Present)
The final legal barrier fell in 2017, solidifying Malta's status as a global beacon for equality.
2017 (July): Marriage Equality.
The Parliament votes (66–1) to legalize same-sex marriage.
The law replaces gendered terms like "husband" and "wife" with neutral terms like "spouse" in public records.
2018: "X" Gender Marker. Passports and ID cards are updated to allow for an "X" gender marker for non-binary and intersex citizens.
2022: Blood Donation. The government removes the discriminatory restrictions on blood donation for men who have sex with men (MSM). The new rules apply the same "stability" criteria to all donors regardless of gender or orientation (must have been in a stable relationship for 4 months).
Travel tips
Malta is extremely safe and welcoming for LGBTQ travelers despite being a traditionally Catholic country. The transformation has been remarkable. Malta Pride is growing annually.
More about LGBTQ+ rights in Malta
